The Impact of Political Factors on Security in the Southeastern Region of the Country

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Strategic Defense Sciences, National Defense University, National Defense University

2 Associate Professor, Department of Geopolitics and Geostrategy, Faculty of National Defense, National Defense University

3 PhD student in Military Strategic Management, Faculty of Defense, National Defense University.

Abstract

Security, as the foundation of societal stability and development, is closely intertwined with political factors that play a decisive role in sensitive and strategic regions of the country. The southeastern region of Iran, particularly Sistan and Baluchestan Province, is considered one of the country’s most complex security zones due to its unique geopolitical position and challenges such as weak rule of law, socio-ethnic divisions, infiltration by terrorist groups, and cross-border smuggling. Additionally, the policies of neighboring countries and the lack of effective regional cooperation have intensified border tensions and instability.
This study employs an analytical-descriptive methodology to examine the role of national macro-policies, international interactions, and border management in either exacerbating or mitigating insecurity. Findings indicate that efficient border governance, comprehensive national policymaking, and international engagement—combined with balanced development and the reduction of social disparities—are critical strategies for enhancing security in the southeastern region. Furthermore, leveraging the influence of political elites, improving socio-economic infrastructure, and strengthening social cohesion can establish the groundwork for sustainable security and regional development. The study underscores the necessity of optimizing political capacities and regional collaborations to counter security threats, offering actionable solutions to improve the security landscape.

Keywords

Strategic Defense Studies
Volume 23, Issue 101
November 2025
Pages 69-100

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